Ultra-dense optical data transmission over standard fibre with a single chip source
- Article number: 2568 (2020)
- Bill Corcoran,
- Mengxi Tan,
- Xingyuan Xu,
- Andreas Boes,
- Jiayang Wu,
- Thach G. Nguyen,
- Sai T. Chu,
- Brent E. Little,
- Roberto Morandotti,
- Arnan Mitchell &
- David J. Moss
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Abstract
Micro-combs - optical frequency combs generated by integrated micro-cavity resonators – offer the full potential of their bulk counterparts, but in an integrated footprint. They have enabled breakthroughs in many fields including spectroscopy, microwave photonics, frequency synthesis, optical ranging, quantum sources, metrology and ultrahigh capacity data transmission. Here, by using a powerful class of micro-comb called soliton crystals, we achieve ultra-high data transmission over 75 km of standard optical fibre using a single integrated chip source. We demonstrate a line rate of 44.2 Terabits s−1 using the telecommunications C-band at 1550 nm with a spectral efficiency of 10.4 bits s−1 Hz−1. Soliton crystals exhibit robust and stable generation and operation as well as a high intrinsic efficiency that, together with an extremely low soliton micro-comb spacing of 48.9 GHz enable the use of a very high coherent data modulation format (64 QAM - quadrature amplitude modulated). This work demonstrates the capability of optical micro-combs to perform in demanding and practical optical communications networks.
Introduction
The global optical fibre network currently carries hundreds of terabits per second every instant, with capacity growing at ~25% annuallyДля просмотра ссылки Войдиили Зарегистрируйся. To dramatically increase bandwidth capacity, ultrahigh capacity transmission links employ massively parallel wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) with coherent modulation formatsДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся, and in recent lab-based research, by using spatial division multiplexing (SDM) over multicore or multi-mode fibreДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся. At the same time, there is a strong trend towards a greater number of shorter high-capacity links. Whereas core long-haul (spanning 1000’s km) communications dominated global networks 10 years ago, now the emphasis has squarely shifted to metro-area networks (linking across 10’s–100’s km) and even data centres (< 10 km). All of this is driving the need for increasingly compact, low-cost and energy-efficient solutions, with photonic integrated circuits emerging as the most viable approach. The optical source is central to every link, and as such, perhaps has the greatest need for integration. The ability to supply all wavelengths with a single, compact integrated chip, replacing many parallel lasers, will offer the greatest benefitsДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся.
Micro-combs, optical frequency combs based on micro-cavity resonators, have shown significant promise in fulfilling this roleДля просмотра ссылки Войдиили Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся. They offer the full potential of their bulk counterpartsДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся, but in an integrated footprint. The discovery of temporal soliton states (DKS—dissipative Kerr solitons)Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся as a means of mode-locking micro-combs has enabled breakthroughs in many fields including spectroscopyДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся, microwave photonicsДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся, frequency synthesisДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся, optical rangingДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся, quantum sourcesДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся, metrologyДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся and more. One of their most-promising applications has been optical fibre communications, where they have enabled massively parallel ultrahigh capacity multiplexed data transmissionДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся.
The success of micro-combs has been enabled by the ability to phase-lock, or mode-lock, their comb lines. This, in turn, has resulted from exploring novel oscillation states such as temporal soliton states, including feedback-stabilised Kerr combsДля просмотра ссылки Войдиили Зарегистрируйся, dark solitonsДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся and DKSДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся. DKS states, in particular, have enabled transmission rates of 30 Tb/s for a single device and 55 Tb/s by combining two devices, using the full C and L telecommunication bandsДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся. In particular, for practical systems, achieving a high spectral efficiency is critically important—it is a key parameter as it determines the fundamental limit of data-carrying capacity for a given optical communications bandwidthДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся.
RecentlyДля просмотра ссылки Войдиили Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся, a powerful class of micro-comb termed soliton crystals was reported, and devices realised in a CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) compatible platformДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся have proven highly successful at forming the basis for microwave and RF photonic devicesДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся. Soliton crystals were so-named because of their crystal-like profile in the angular domain of tightly packed self-localised pulses within micro-ring resonators (MRRs)Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся. They are naturally formed in micro-cavities with appropriate mode-crossings without the need for complex dynamic pumping and stabilisation schemes that are required to generate self-localised DKS waves (described by the Lugiato-Lefever equationДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся). The key to their stability lies in their intracavity power that is very close to that of spatiotemporal chaotic statesДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся. Hence, when emerging from chaotic states there is very little change in intracavity power and thus no thermal detuning or instability, resulting from the ‘soliton step’ that makes resonant pumping more challengingДля просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся. It is this combination of intrinsic stability (without the need for external aid), ease of generation and overall efficiency that makes them highly suited for demanding applications such as ultrahigh-capacity transmission beyond a terabit/s.
Here, we report ultrahigh bandwidth optical data transmission across standard fibre with a single integrated chip source. We employ soliton crystals realised in a CMOS-compatible platformДля просмотра ссылки Войдиили Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся,Для просмотра ссылки Войди или Зарегистрируйся to achieve a data line-rate of 44.2 Tb/s from a single source, along with a high spectral efficiency of 10.4 bits/s/Hz. We accomplish these results through the use of a high modulation format of 64 QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation), a low comb-free spectral range (FSR) spacing of 48.9 GHz, and by using only the telecommunications C-band. We demonstrate transmission over 75 km of fibre in the laboratory as well as in a field trial over an installed network in the greater metropolitan area of Melbourne, Australia. Our results stem from the soliton crystal’s extremely robust and stable operation/generation as well as its much higher intrinsic efficiency, all of which are enabled by an integrated CMOS-compatible platform.
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Abstract
Micro-combs - optical frequency combs generated by integrated micro-cavity resonators – offer the full potential of their bulk counterparts, but in an integrated footprint. They have enabled breakthroughs in many fields including spectroscopy, microwave photonics, frequency synthesis, optical ranging, quantum sources, metrology and ultrahigh capacity data transmission. Here, by using a powerful class of micro-comb called soliton crystals, we achieve ultra-high data transmission over 75 km of standard optical fibre using a single integrated chip source. We demonstrate a line rate of 44.2 Terabits s−1 using the telecommunications C-band at 1550 nm with a spectral efficiency of 10.4 bits s−1 Hz−1. Soliton crystals exhibit robust and stable generation and operation as well as a high intrinsic efficiency that, together with an extremely low soliton micro-comb spacing of 48.9 GHz enable the use of a very high coherent data modulation format (64 QAM - quadrature amplitude modulated). This work demonstrates the capability of optical micro-combs to perform in demanding and practical optical communications networks.
Introduction
The global optical fibre network currently carries hundreds of terabits per second every instant, with capacity growing at ~25% annuallyДля просмотра ссылки Войди
Micro-combs, optical frequency combs based on micro-cavity resonators, have shown significant promise in fulfilling this roleДля просмотра ссылки Войди
The success of micro-combs has been enabled by the ability to phase-lock, or mode-lock, their comb lines. This, in turn, has resulted from exploring novel oscillation states such as temporal soliton states, including feedback-stabilised Kerr combsДля просмотра ссылки Войди
RecentlyДля просмотра ссылки Войди
Here, we report ultrahigh bandwidth optical data transmission across standard fibre with a single integrated chip source. We employ soliton crystals realised in a CMOS-compatible platformДля просмотра ссылки Войди
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